ISO, aperture, shutter speed: EXPOSURE TRIANGLE
The camera is a tool used to 'catch' the light through the sensor. Information from the light captured on the sensor and translated into an image. If the amount of light captured at the sensor is less, then the image will be too dark (underexposed / EU). Conversely, if the light is caught in the redundant sensor, the picture will be too bright (overexposed / OE).
There are three things that can be set in the camera to adjust exposure: shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. What is the role of each of these settings?
If the sensor is likened to a glass, and the light is water that will be loaded into the glass, then the exposure of the 'right' is the glass filled with water when fitted to the rim of the glass. If the water level does not reach the rim of the glass, the picture will be underexposed, and if the water is overflowing the overexposed image.
CONCEPT
1. Shutter speed
Shutter speed is the speed or length of the shutter open so that the light on the sensor. A adi, shutter speed can be likened to the length we open the tap to fill water. The longer the tap is opened, the more water that fills the glass. vice versa
Shutter speed is measured in units of time, and the average DSLR camera can use a shutter speed of 1/4000 seconds to 30 seconds. Because the shutter speed is used mostly less than one second, it is usually written in the camera viewfinder is only fractions (shutter speed of 1/100 sec to be written) in the viewfinder. The units 'seconds' are usually written as a quotation mark ("), so the shutter speed of 2 seconds will be written as 2". Sometimes the unit is used in the second fraction, for example 0.6 ".
The bigger the number, the image will be darker. One stop multiplying factor is 2x, eg 1/100 shutter speed will be 1 EV brighter than the shutter speed of 1/200 if the scene and the other settings remain the same. That is if you use the manual mode with an automatic yes difference
(EV is a unit of brightness, in which the difference between 1EV mean difference in brightness caused by different amount of light entering 2X. 1 EV is often called the first stop, the term is often said to Kamea ancient times
2. Aperture
Aperture is the blades (usually made of metal) contained in the lens. These blades can move, intersect and cover the cross-section around the lens, so that only the central part of the lens that can pass light. Thus, the aperture can be likened to the pipe that channels water. Although both only opened for one second, for example, a large pipe will drain more water than the narrow pipe. Aperaturnya increasingly narrow the eye lens will focus to a single point, otherwise if it is high then catch aperature focus an object will be focused.
Unit aperture is the diameter aperture blades. Expressed in fractions, commonly written as f / X or 1 / X, where X is the numeric aperture. Is written in the camera viewfinder often only X number of its course.
A multiplying factor of the stop is √2 (square root), or trivial 1.4x; means aperture f / 3.5 will 1EV aperture brighter than f / 5.6. The bigger the number, the image will be darker.
3. ISO
ISO is the sensitivity of the sensor. The higher the ISO, the less light is needed to reach a certain brightness. Raise the ISO can be likened to enter the rock into a container so that the amount of water needed less and less.
ISO ISO is unit number. One stop multiplying factor is 2x, where 1EV ISO 800 will be brighter than ISO 400. For some iso professional camera can be up 50 to 12000.
EFFECTS ON THE PHOTO
In addition to regulating the brightness of images, each side of the triangle of exposure affects the final result of photos.
Long shutter speed that will allow the object or the camera moves over the light sensor, so that the image becomes blurry or so-called bokeh, partially or completely.
A large aperture (small aperture numbers) will produce a depth-of-field (depth of field) narrow, so that objects within not too far from the focus distance will start to blur. This could be a positive thing if you want to make bokeh, but it could be negative if we want to have a wide depth of field.
High ISO means the sensor more sensitive, and its effects cause noise in the image.
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